Abstract
This article analyzes the most important stages of the history of ancient medicine, the scientific heritage of famous doctors who lived in ancient times, as well as their influence on modern medicine. In particular, the formation process of medical terminology and phraseology is deeply studied based on the medical knowledge created within the medical schools of ancient Egypt, India, China, Greece, Rome and Central Asia. The article provides information about the treatment methods, diagnostic methods, drug preparation techniques and hygienic views developed by ancient doctors, and their contribution to the modern medical education, practice and health care system is revealed.