Abstract
The article addresses the problem of alimentary adaptation of the human body under conditions of increasing xenobiotic exposure caused by environmental degradation and pollution. Particular attention is paid to the metabolic activation of xenobiotics, lipid peroxidation, and the importance of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. The principles of organizing population nutrition under environmental load conditions, as well as practical measures to reduce the intake of radionuclides and other contaminants with food, are considered. The preventive potential of rational nutrition is emphasized as a crucial means of increasing the adaptive resistance of the body and reducing the risk of pathological conditions.