FRANCE - SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
HISTORICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BASES OF MUSEUM NETWORK FORMATION IN KARAKALPAKSTAN: THE CASE OF THE SAVITSKY MUSEUM
This study examines the preconditions for the formation of the museum network in Karakalpakstan, a region in northwestern Uzbekistan with a rich multicultural heritage. The research identifies four primary factors that shaped museum development: historical-cultural, scientific-research, socio-political, and administrative-legal prerequisites. The historical-cultural foundation stems from Karakalpakstan's position as a crossroads of ancient civilizations, including the Khorezm states, Achaemenid Empire, and various Turkic and Mongol polities, resulting in abundant archaeological sites such as Toprak-Kala, Ayaz-Kala, and the Mizdakhkan necropolis. The scientific-research impetus emerged from the groundbreaking work of the Khorezm Archaeological and Ethnographic Expedition (1937-1990), led by S.P. Tolstov, which systematically documented archaeological and ethnographic materials using innovative methods including aerial photography. Socio-political transformations in the 20th century, particularly the administrative reorganizations of 1924-1936 and nation-building processes within the Soviet framework, created institutional support for cultural preservation. The establishment of the Karakalpak branch of the Academy of Sciences in 1959 further strengthened the scientific foundation for museum activities. The study demonstrates that the museum network in Karakalpakstan developed through the convergence of these interrelated factors, serving dual purposes of preserving cultural heritage and facilitating cultural modernization. This research contributes to understanding regional museum development patterns in Central Asia and highlights the role of museums in safeguarding both tangible and intangible cultural heritage in historically complex territories.
Karakalpakstan; museum network formation; cultural heritage preservation; Khorezm Archaeological Expedition; archaeological sites; ethnographic collections; S.P. Tolstov; Central Asian museology; nation-building; Toprak-Kala; Karakalpak culture; museum studies; historical prerequisites; scientific expeditions.
ANʼANAVIY VA ZAMONAVIY TAʼLIM METODLARI ORQALI OʻQUVCHILARNING TIL KOʻNIKMALARINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Ushbu maqola oʻquvchilarning til koʻnikmalarini (tinglash, gapirish, oʻqish, yozish) rivojlantirishda anʼanaviy va zamonaviy taʼlim metodlarining oʻziga xos xususiyatlari, afzalliklari va samaradorligini qiyosiy tahlil qilishga bagʻishlangan. Tadqiqotda har ikki yondashuvning nazariy asoslari koʻrib chiqilgan va ularni amaliyotda qoʻllash natijalari oʻrganilgan. Pedagogik eksperiment natijalari shuni koʻrsatdiki, anʼanaviy metodlar maʼlum til qoidalarini oʻzlashtirishda samarali boʻlsa-da, zamonaviy, interfaol va kommunikativ metodlar oʻquvchilarda real muloqot qobiliyatini, nutq faolligini va ijodiy fikrlashni rivojlantirishda ustunlikka ega. Maqola xulosalari til oʻqitish jarayonida anʼanaviy va zamonaviy metodlarni oqilona uygʻunlashtirish oʻquvchilarning til koʻnikmalarini har tomonlama va samarali rivojlantirish uchun eng maqbul yondashuv ekanligini taʼkidlaydi.
til koʻnikmalari, anʼanaviy metodlar, zamonaviy metodlar, kommunikativ yondashuv, tinglash, gapirish, oʻqish, yozish, taʼlim samaradorligi, boshlangʻich sinf, qiyosiy tahlil.
PISA MODELI ASOSIDA ILMIY SAVODXONLIK VA TADQIQOTNI LOYIHALASH KOMPETENSIYASINING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Mazkur tezisda PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) modeli asosida o‘quvchilarning ilmiy savodxonligi, uning tarkibiy komponentlari va zamonaviy ta’lim tizimidagi ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ilmiy savodxonlik o‘quvchilarning nafaqat nazariy bilimlarini, balki ularni real hayotiy vaziyatlarda qo‘llay olish qobiliyatini ham rivojlantiradi. Individual xususiyatlar va motivatsiya ilmiy savodxonlikni shakllantirishda muhim rol o‘ynaydi.
PISA, ilmiy savodxonlik, kompetensiya, ta’lim sifati, o‘quvchi, tanqidiy fikrlash, innovatsiya.
THE SCIENTIFIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE “MORALITY” CONCEPTOSPHERE
This paper analyzes the role of the morality conceptosphere in modern science, focusing on its influence on research integrity, innovation, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The study emphasizes that morality is not only a philosophical construct but also a practical tool that enhances scientific effectiveness
morality, ethics, science, conceptosphere, research integrity, innovation, responsibility.
UYGʻONISH DAVRI TEATRINING SPETSIFIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Mazkur maqola Uygʻonish davri teatrining oʻziga xos spetsifik xususiyatlarini tahlil qilishga bagʻishlangan. Unda XV–XVII asrlarda Gʻarbiy Yevropada (asosan, Italiya, Angliya va Ispaniya misolida) teatr sanʼatining taraqqiyoti, antik me’rosning qayta tiklanishi va gumanistik gʻoyalarning sahna vositalari bilan ifodalanishi oʻrganiladi. Maqolada Uygʻonish davri teatrining meʼmorchilik yechimlari, sahna dizayni, dramaturgiya janrlari va aktyorlik mahoratidagi yangilanishlar yoritilgan. Xususan, Italiyada perspektiv sahna koʻrinishlari va opera janrining paydo boʻlishi, Angliyada Shekspir teatri (“Globus”) ning tuzilishi va Ispaniyada Lope de Vega dramaturgiyasining oʻziga xos jihatlari tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, maqolada oʻzbek teatrshunosligining Uygʻonish davri teatriga oid tadqiqotlari ham oʻrganilgan.
Uygʻonish davri, teatr, gumanizm, antik me’ros, perspektiva dekoratsiyasi, Shekspir teatri, komediya del arte, Italiya teatri, Angliya teatri, Ispaniya teatri, opera, dramaturgiya, aktyorlik sanʼati, oʻzbek teatrshunosligi
SURXON VOHASI FITONIMLARINING LINGVOPOETIK IMKONIYATLARI.
Ushbu maqolada Surxon vohasining mashhur shoirlaridan biri Sirojiddin Sayyidning “Qaldirg‘ochlarga ber ayvonlaringni” she’riy to‘plamida berilgan fitonimlarning lingvistik, etimologik, leksik-semantik va tarixiy-geografik xususiyatlari tahlil qilib o‘tilgan.
onomastika, metod, fitonim, o‘simlik nomlari, daraxt nomlar, buta nomlari.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ФИНАНСОВОМ СЕКТОРЕ: ЦИФРОВАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ, ИННОВАЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Настоящий тезис посвящается исследованию роли компьютерных технологий в области трансформации современного финансового сектора. В работе проводится комплексный анализ ключевых технологических инноваций — искусственного интеллекта, блокчейна, больших данных, облачных вычислений и кибербезопасности — в контексте их влияния на банковскую деятельность, страхование, инвестиционные рынки и регуляторную среду. Целью исследования является— найти закономерности цифровой трансформации финансовых институтов, выявить ключевые факторы успеха внедрения технологий, а также обозначить риски и ограничения, с которыми сталкиваются участники рынка в условиях стремительного технологического прогресса в современном мире. Методологической основой являются методы системного анализа, сравнительного сопоставления, контент-анализа научных статей и обзора международной практики. Научной новизной данной работы является систематизации актуальных кейсов о цифровой трансформации финансового сектора в глобальном и региональном измерениях.
финтех, блокчейн, искусственный интеллект, цифровая трансформация, кибербезопасность, большие данные, RegTech, открытый банкинг.
METABOLIC BIOMARKERS AND HEMODYNAMIC IMPAIRMENT IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE: AN INTEGRATED CLINICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
Ischemic stroke remains one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that disturbances in calcium–phosphorus homeostasis and lipid metabolism contribute to vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and progression of atherosclerosis. However recent studies highlight the “vascular-bone axis” as a critical factor in stroke pathogenesis, where dysregulation of mineral homeostasis—specifically calcium and phosphorus—promotes medial arterial calcification and increases arterial stiffness. This process, coupled with dyslipidemia, accelerates the formation of unstable carotid plaques and impairs compensatory hemodynamic mechanisms. Furthermore, Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to impaired nitric oxide bioavailability and heightened neuro-inflammation, potentially exacerbating the severity of ischemic brain injury. Despite these insights, the synergistic predictive value of integrated biochemical and duplex-derived hemodynamic parameters in acute stroke management remains poorly defined.
Acute ischemic stroke, calcium-phosphorus metabolism, lipid profile, NIHSS score, duplex scanning, brachiocephalic arteries, hemodynamics, vitamin D
THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN BUSINESS SUCCESS
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy global bozor sharoitida biznesning barqaror rivojlanishida liderlik fenomenining o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda nima uchun texnologik ustunlikka ega kompaniyalar inqirozga uchrayotgani va bu jarayonda rahbarning strategik qiyofasi qanchalik muhimligi yoritilgan. Shuningdek, yosh rahbarlar yo‘l qo‘yadigan mikromenejment va hissiy intellekt yetishmovchiligi kabi xatolar ilmiy asoslangan holda ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.
liderlik, biznes muvaffaqiyati, strategik boshqaruv, inqirozga qarshi choralar, jamoa motivatsiyasi, korporativ ma’daniyat.
BIZNES G‘OYANI MAHSULOTGA AYLANTIRISHNING SAMARALI BOSQICHLARI
Ushbu maqolada xomaki biznes g‘oyani bozor talablariga javob beradigan real mahsulotga aylantirishning nazariy va amaliy asoslari yoritilgan. Jarayon g‘oya shakllanishidan boshlab, uni tijoratlashtirishgacha bo‘lgan bir necha muhim bosqichlarni o‘z ichiga oladi, masalan, bozor tahlili va iste’molchi ehtiyojlarini o‘rganish, kontseptsiyani shakllantirish, prototip yaratish hamda mahsulotni sinovdan o‘tkazish. Shuningdek, maqolada startaplar uchun eng kam xarajat bilan maksimal natijaga erishish imkonini beruvchi eng kichik ishchi modelni yaratish strategiyasi va foydalanuvchilar fikri asosida mahsulotni takomillashtirish usullari tahlil qilingan.
bozor munosabatlari, davlat xo‘jaligi, xalq xo‘jaligi, qishloq xo‘jaligi, real sektor, moliya sektori, zamonaviy texnologiyalar, xususiy mulkchilik, eksport mahsulotlari, ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy islohotlar
LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE IN UZBEKISTAN
Ushbu tadqiqot O‘zbekistonda ingliz tilini ikkinchi til sifatida o‘rganish jarayonini ta’lim islohotlari va globallashuv sharoitida tahlil qiladi. Maqolada til siyosati, o‘qitish metodlari, zamonaviy texnologiyalarning joriy etilishi hamda o‘quvchilarning duch kelayotgan muammolari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Xususan, kommunikativ yondashuv, CEFR standartlarining qo‘llanilishi va raqamli vositalarning til ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirishdagi ahamiyati yoritiladi. Shuningdek, hududiy tafovutlar, resurs yetishmovchiligi va psixologik omillar kabi muammolar bilan bir qatorda, ingliz tili ta’limini modernizatsiya qilish imkoniyatlari ham ta’kidlanadi.
Ingliz tilini o‘rganish, ikkinchi til egallash, O‘zbekiston ta’limi, kommunikativ yondashuv, CEFR standartlari, ta’lim islohoti, til siyosati, raqamli texnologiyalar, o‘quvchi motivatsiyasi, bilingvizm, o‘quv dasturi, globallashuv.
METHODOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF PRE-SERVICE EFL TEACHERS: ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A MULTI-STAGE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN UZBEKISTAN
The development of methodological competence among pre-service foreign language teachers remains a priority in contemporary teacher education systems. This study investigates the organization and implementation of a three-stage experimental research project aimed at enhancing methodological preparedness among master’s students enrolled in “Foreign Language and Literature” programs across multiple higher education institutions in Uzbekistan. The research was conducted between 2022 and 2025 and involved 927 participants from five universities. The experimental design included diagnostic (ascertaining), developmental, and final evaluation stages. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation, testing, and performance-based assessment using clearly defined competence-level criteria. The findings indicate significant growth in methodological thinking, lesson planning skills, integration of innovative technologies, and communicative teaching practices. The results confirm that structured experimental intervention, grounded in systematic and activity-based approaches, substantially improves professional-methodological readiness among future EFL teachers.
methodological competence, pre-service EFL teachers, experimental research, teacher education, communicative approach, innovation in education
BOLALARDA MUSTAQIL FIKRLASH KO‘NIKMALARINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING SAMARALI USULLARI VA YONDASHUVLARI
Zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida bolalarda mustaqil fikrlash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish eng dolzarb pedagogik vazifalardan biri hisoblanadi. Bugungi globallashuv sharoitida bilimlarni yod olish emas, balki ularni mustaqil tahlil qilish, qayta ishlash, yangi g‘oyalar yaratish, to‘g‘ri va asosli qaror qabul qilish qobiliyatlari shaxs rivojida hal qiluvchi omil bo‘lib bormoqda. Shu sababli ta’lim jarayonida o‘quvchining passiv bilim oluvchidan faol bilim yaratuvchi sub’ektga aylanishi muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Mustaqil fikrlashning shakllanishi bolaga hayotga moslashish, muammoni mustaqil hal qilish, ijodkorlik, tanqidiy fikrlash, mas’uliyatlilik va o‘z nuqtai nazarini himoya qilish kabi fazilatlarni beradi. Pedagogika fanida bu jarayonni samarali tashkil etish uchun turli zamonaviy metodlar, interfaol texnologiyalar, o‘yin va muammoli vaziyatlar yaratishning pedagogik imkoniyatlari keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Ushbu maqolada bolalarda mustaqil fikrlashni rivojlantirishning eng samarali yondashuvlari tahlil qilinadi, amaliy usullar va ta’lim texnologiyalari misollar orqali bayon etiladi.
CAUSES OF CHANGES IN GROUND WATER LEVELS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE STATE OF SOIL RECLAMATION.
This article describes the factors that cause soil salinity, including changes in groundwater levels due to irregular irrigation, secondary salinization, and the use of mineralized water.
Secondary salinization, brackish water, mineralization level, ditch water, land reclamation
BLADED WEAPONS OF CENTRAL ASIA IN THE XVIIIth– XXth CENTURIES AS A REFLECTION OF THE REGION’S CULTURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRADITIONS
The article analyzes the features of the manufacture and decoration of bladed weapons in the khanates of Central Asia from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries as a significant element of the region’s material and spiritual culture. Bladed weapons are examined not only as means of armament but also as objects of social status and artistic expression. Drawing on written, archaeological, and historiographical sources, the study explores the main blade-production technologies, including forging, quenching, and the use of wootz (bulat) steel. Particular attention is paid to the origin and spread of wootz steel, the interaction of local traditions with Indian, Persian, and Ottoman metallurgical schools, as well as the role of trade networks along the Great Silk Road. The article also discusses Central Asian weapons-manufacturing centers and the problem of conflating the terms “wootz steel” and “Damascus steel.” It concludes that traditional bulat technologies declined by the nineteenth century and emphasizes the importance of bladed weapons as a historical source.
bladed weapons, the khanates of Central Asia, bulat, wootz steel, Damascus steel, crucible smelting, arms production, metallurgy, sabres and knives, decorative design of weapons, Akhsikent, Bukhara, Karshi, the Great Silk Road, Oriental arms traditions
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL AND FLAG FOOTBALL
This article provides a general description of the origin, content and basic rules of American flag football. The differences between flag football and American football, its non-contact nature and level of safety are analyzed. The importance of this sport in the development of physical fitness, its role in the formation of technical and tactical training, and the possibilities of its application in the youth sports system are also highlighted. The article scientifically and theoretically substantiates the advantages of flag football as a mass sport and its role in the international sports system.
American flag football, American football, non-contact sports, sports games, physical fitness, technical and tactical training, youth sports, sports rules, mass sports
BOSHQARUVDA QAROR QABUL QILISH PSIXOLOGIYASINING NAZARIY-ASOSIY TAMOYILLARI.
Mazkur tezisda boshqaruv jarayonida qaror qabul qilishning psixologik asoslari va nazariy tamoyillari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda rahbar va boshqaruv subyektlarining qaror qabul qilish jarayoniga ta’sir etuvchi psixologik omillar — motivatsiya, ehtiyojlar, qadriyatlar, emotsional holat, shaxsiy tajriba hamda ijtimoiy muhitning roli yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, individual va jamoaviy qaror qabul qilish mexanizmlari, kognitiv jarayonlar, stereotiplar va psixologik xatoliklarning boshqaruv samaradorligiga ta’siri ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan asoslab berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari boshqaruv faoliyatida psixologik yondashuvlardan samarali foydalanish qarorlarning sifatini oshirishini ko‘rsatadi
boshqaruv, qaror qabul qilish, psixologik omillar, rahbar shaxsi, motivatsiya, kognitiv jarayonlar, jamoaviy qaror
Mazkur tezisda boshqaruv jarayonida qaror qabul qilishning psixologik asoslari va nazariy tamoyillari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda rahbar va boshqaruv subyektlarining qaror qabul qilish jarayoniga ta’sir etuvchi psixologik omillar — motivatsiya, ehtiyojlar, qadriyatlar, emotsional holat, shaxsiy tajriba hamda ijtimoiy muhitning roli yoritib berilgan. Shuningdek, individual va jamoaviy qaror qabul qilish mexanizmlari, kognitiv jarayonlar, stereotiplar va psixologik xatoliklarning boshqaruv samaradorligiga ta’siri ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan asoslab berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari boshqaruv faoliyatida psixologik yondashuvlardan samarali foydalanish qarorlarning sifatini oshirishini ko‘rsatadi.
O‘ZBEK TILSHUNOSLIGI TARIXIDA FE’LLARNING SATHLARGA AJRATILISHIDAGI TAHLILIY MA’LUMOT.
Ushbu tezisda o‘zbek tilshunosligi tarixida fe’l so‘z turkumining turli sathlar asosida o‘rganilishi tahlil qilinadi. Fe’llarning leksik-semantik, morfologik, sintatik va funksional-uslubiy sathlari misollar asosida yoritilib, ularning til tizimidagi o‘rni ochib beriladi.
fe’l, sath, leksik-semantik, morfologik, sintaktik, funksional-uslubiy
ВЛИЯНИЕ КОВОРКИНГ-ПРОСТРАНСТВ НА ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНУЮ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИЮ И ТРУДОВЫЕ ПРАКТИКИ ПОКОЛЕНИЯ Z
В статье рассматривается влияние коворкинг-пространств на формирование трудовых практик и профессиональной социализации представителей поколения Z. Анализируется роль коворкингов как альтернативной формы организации рабочего пространства в условиях цифровизации и трансформации рынка труда. Особое внимание уделяется таким аспектам, как гибкость занятости, социальное взаимодействие, технологическая оснащённость, инновационная среда и ориентация на принципы устойчивого развития. На основе данных современных исследований показано, что коворкинги способствуют повышению креативности, расширению профессиональных связей и адаптации молодых специалистов к требованиям современной экономики. Вместе с тем выявлены основные проблемы, связанные с открытой планировкой и уровнем шума, которые могут оказывать негативное влияние на производительность труда. Сделан вывод о необходимости дальнейшего совершенствования коворкинг-пространств с учётом ценностных установок и профессиональных потребностей поколения Z.
поколение Z; коворкинг-пространства; гибкие формы занятости; профессиональная социализация; цифровая экономика; инновации; нетворкинг; устойчивое развитие
FONCTIONS SYNTAXIQUES ET DISCURSIVES DES FORMES IMPERSONNELLES DES VERBES FRANÇAIS DANS LES ROMANS D’ALEXANDRE DUMAS
La langue française dispose d’un ensemble de moyens grammaticaux permettant d’exprimer des procès sans référent subjectif explicite. Parmi ces moyens, les formes impersonnelles des verbes occupent une place particulière tant du point de vue syntaxique que discursif. Elles permettent non seulement de neutraliser l’agent de l’action, mais également de produire des effets de généralisation, d’objectivation et de focalisation narrative dans le discours littéraire.
KONSTITUTSIYA ERKIN VA FAROVON HAYOT GAROVI
Mazkur maqolada yangi tahrirdagi O‘zbekiston Konstitutsiyasining avvalgi tahrirdan asosiy farqlari tahlil qilingan. Inson huquqlari va erkinliklarining kengayishi, davlat boshqaruvi va sud-huquq tizimining isloh qilinishi kabi masalalar atroflicha yoritilgan. Shuningdek, ijtimoiy himoya, xususiy mulk, ommaviy axborot vositalari va insonning shan’i va qadr-qimmatini ifodalash bo‘yicha kiritilgan yangi qoidalar muhokama etilgan.
Konstitutsiya, farmoyish, referendum, demokratiya, norma, huquqiy davlat, xususiy mulk, javobgarlik, senzura
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF GNOSEOLOGY IN THE PEDAGOGY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
The epistemological approach in the pedagogy of vocational education of future specialists is directly related to the activity of personal creative activity. From this point of view, epistemology, that is, the theory of knowledge, is of great importance in the pedagogy of professional education. One of the main tasks of modern education in professional educational institutions is to create favorable conditions for increasing the awareness of students in the professional sphere. The theory of knowledge is a process requiring long preparation, extensive erudition, and various abilities, which forms the basis of human activity and is the source of all material and spiritual wealth. Analysis of the epistemological approach on a scientific basis allows us to understand its mechanisms and effectively formulate them.
success, epistemological, cognitive, approach, attention, professional, perception, education, being, knowledge
TA’LIM JARAYONIDA INTELLEKTUAL TA’LIM VOSITASILARIDAN SAMARALI FOYDALANISH IMKONIYATLARI
Mazkur maqolada ta’lim jarayonida elektron vositalar, kompyuter texnologiyalari va multimedia resurslaridan foydalanish masalalari tahlil qilingan. Elektron o‘quv qo‘llanmalar, ta’lim beruvchi dasturlar, test tizimlari hamda masofaviy ta’lim texnologiyalarining afzalliklari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, avtomatlashtirilgan ta’lim tizimlari va elektron darsliklarning ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish, talabalarni mustaqil ta’limga yo‘naltirish va fanlararo uzviylikni ta’minlashdagi o‘rni asoslab berilgan.
Elektron vositalar, ta’lim texnologiyalari, elektron o‘quv qo‘llanma, virtual stend, mashinali o‘qitish, masofaviy ta’lim, elektron darslik, multimediya.
SYNTAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF NOMINATIVE CLICHÉS BASED ON COMMUNICATIVE AND COGNITIVE APPROACHES
Данная статья посвящена анализу синтагматических свойств номинативных клише в речевой деятельности. Номинативные клише, выступая в качестве готовых номинативных единиц, употребляются в определённых синтагматических позициях и в процессе коммуникации выражают социально и культурно значимые объекты в стандартизированной форме. На материале французского языка в исследовании выявляются особенности их размещения в речи, структурная устойчивость и когнитивные основания.
номинативное клише, синтагматика, речевая деятельность, когнитивная лингвистика, коммуникативный подход
ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ КОРПОРАТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ В ОБЩЕСТВЕННО ЗНАЧИМЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ И ОБЩЕСТВАХ С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬЮ
В условиях трансформации национальной экономики Республики Узбекистан и её последовательной интеграции в международные финансовые и инвестиционные рынки особую актуальность приобретает вопрос повышения качества корпоративного управления как ключевого институционального фактора устойчивого экономического роста. Корпоративное управление рассматривается не только как совокупность внутренних управленческих механизмов компании, но и как инструмент формирования доверия со стороны инвесторов, кредиторов, государства и общества в целом. В этой связи государственная политика в сфере корпоративного управления приобретает системный характер и распространяется как на крупнейшие предприятия, так и на более широкий круг хозяйствующих субъектов.
CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING GREEN BANKING PRODUCTS IN UZBEKISTAN: A 2026 SECTORAL ANALYSIS
This research evaluates the primary obstacles hindering the expansion of green banking in Uzbekistan as of 2026. While the "Uzbekistan-2030" Strategy prioritizes a green transition, commercial banks face systemic issues, including a national taxonomy gap, high operational costs, and the "Payback Paradox" in retail solar lending. The study concludes that institutional modernization is required to bridge the gap between policy ambition and financial viability
green banking, ESG, green taxonomy, financial readiness, energy efficiency, payback paradox, institutional readiness gap, renewable energy sources (RES), sustainable finance
THE ROLE OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING IN DEVELOPING ACADEMIC SKILLS IN STUDENTS
In the modern education system, developing academic skills for students is of great importance. Academic skills include abilities such as reading, analyzing, conducting research, solving problems, and independent thinking. Independent learning is a self-directed and responsible learning process carried out by the student outside of textbooks and teacher guidance. In this article, we scientifically analyze the role of independent learning in shaping academic skills in students. The research results show that independent learning not only deepens knowledge but also prepares students for personal development and life success. The article is written based on empirical research and theoretical foundations and proposes methods to support independent learning in the educational process
Independent learning, academic skills, self-directed learning, student development, research skills, problem solving, critical thinking, pedagogical support, digital technologies, academic outcomes
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF REINSURANCE PREMIUMS AND CLAIM PAYMENTS IN UZBEKISTAN
This paper presents a comprehensive statistical analysis of the dynamics of reinsurance premiums and claim payments in Uzbekistan. The study aims to assess the role of reinsurance in the risk management system of insurance companies and its impact on financial stability and solvency. The research is based on official statistical data covering recent years, including the third quarter of 2025. Using descriptive statistical methods, growth rate analysis, and graphical interpretation, the trends and structural changes in the reinsurance market are examined. The results indicate a steady increase in reinsurance premiums alongside a more balanced growth of claim payments, reflecting the strengthening role of reinsurance mechanisms in mitigating large and catastrophic risks. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the development prospects of the reinsurance market in Uzbekistan and provide practical insights for improving risk management policies.
Reinsurance, insurance premiums, insurance claims, statistical analysis, risk management, insurance market, Uzbekistan
JESSI STYUARTNING “THE STORM” HIKOYASIDA EKOSENTRIK TAFAKKURNING SHAKLLANISHI VA BADIIY IFODASI
Ushbu maqolada amerikalik taniqli adib Jessi Styuartning “The Storm” hikoyasi ekokritika va ekosentrizm tamoyillari asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning asosiy e’tibori insonning tabiat bilan o‘zaro munosabati, antropotsentrik (insonga yo‘naltirilgan) qarashlardan ekosentrik (tabiatga yo‘naltirilgan) tafakkurga o‘tish jarayoniga qaratilgan. Maqolada yozuvchining tabiat elementlarini jonlantirish (personifikatsiya) mahorati, ona tabiatning ham g‘azabkor, ham tarbiyalovchi kuchi badiiy tahlil etilgan. Shuningdek, asar qahramonlarining ichki dunyosida sodir bo‘ladigan transformatsiya tabiatni bo‘ysundirish istagidan u bilan uyg‘unlikda yashash zaruriyatini anglashgacha bo‘lgan yo‘l ochib beriladi. Maqolada Styuart ijodining ekologik ongni shakllantirishdagi ahamiyati va uning bugungi kundagi dolzarbligi asoslab berilgan
Jessi Styuart, “The Storm”, ekosentrizm, ekokritika, badiiy ifoda, tabiat va inson, antropotsentrizm, ramziylik, ekologik tafakkur