GREAT BRITAIN - SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
COACHING AS A PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON IN THE MODERN EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
This coursework explores coaching as a pedagogical and psychological phenomenon in the modern educational environment. The relevance of this topic stems from the need to implement innovative educational technologies focused on student development, fostering autonomy, and improving learning effectiveness. Coaching is viewed as an interdisciplinary phenomenon, combining principles of pedagogy and psychology. It is a collaborative process aimed at unlocking personal potential, developing awareness, and fostering self-regulation skills. As J. Auerbach notes, "coaching is a collaborative process that facilitates personal and professional growth" (Auerbach, 2014), emphasizing its focus on the learner's personal development. This paper analyzes the main theoretical approaches to understanding coaching, its role in the educational process, and the psychological mechanisms underlying it, including motivation, reflection, and self-regulation. According to Carver and Scheier, "self-regulation involves setting goals and monitoring progress toward them" (Carver & Scheier, 2011), which is a key element of the coaching approach. Attention is paid to the role of coaching in the development of emotional intelligence, which, according to D. Goleman, plays an important role in interpersonal interaction and learning effectiveness (Goleman, 2006). Thus, the work substantiates the importance of coaching as an effective tool in educational practice, contributing to the formation of an active position of the student and the development of his personal and cognitive qualities.
Coaching; pedagogical phenomenon; psychological phenomenon; self-regulation; motivation; reflection; learner autonomy; emotional intelligence; educational technologies; personal development.
РОЛЬ КИШЕЧНОГО ДИСБИОЗА И МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИХ НАРУШЕНИЙ В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ МИГРЕНИ И ЕЁ КОМОРБИДНОСТИ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМИ НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ: СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ
Мигрень представляет собой гетерогенное неврологическое расстройство, характеризующееся умеренной или сильной односторонней пульсирующей болью, которая часто сопровождается тошнотой, рвотой и фотофонофобией. Глобальная распространенность заболевания оценивается в 14,7%, что позволяет Всемирной организации здравоохранения включить мигрень в число десяти ведущих причин инвалидности во всем мире, при этом среди лиц моложе 50 лет она занимает первое место. Женщины страдают данным расстройством в 3–4 раза чаще мужчин, что создает значительное социально-экономическое бремя. Ежегодно около 3% случаев эпизодической мигрени трансформируются в хроническую форму, требующую более сложных терапевтических подходов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью изучения оси «кишечник–мозг» как ключевого фактора, влияющего на прогрессирование и хронизацию данной патологии.
мигрень, кишечная микробиота, ось «кишечник–мозг», дисбиоз, системное воспаление, TNF-α, центральная инсулинорезистентность, короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты (КЦЖК), гистамин, оксид азота (NO), коморбидность.
CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPING THE INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS BASED ON CRITICAL THINKING
The article analyzes the criteria for the development of intellectual and critical thinking in the process of training primary school teachers, their importance in professional formation, and pedagogical factors influencing their development. During the study, the intellectual potential of the teacher's personality, analytical thinking, reflective approach, and creative thinking skills were studied in their interrelation.
intellectual development, critical thinking, reflective approach, criterion, pedagogical process, professional training.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IDENTITY OF AESCIN AND L-ARGININE SUBSTANCES BY THE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD
This thesis describes the application of the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method for assessing the identity of aescin and L-arginine substances. The study was carried out under laboratory conditions in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the European Pharmacopoeia. Separate mobile phases were selected for aescin and L-arginine, and the Rf values of reference and test samples were compared. The obtained results demonstrated that the identity of the tested substances corresponded to the reference standards. The TLC method was confirmed to be a rapid, reliable, and effective approach for pharmaceutical quality control.
aescin, L-arginine, thin-layer chromatography, TLC, identification, pharmacopoeia.
WAYS TO DEVELOP LANGUAGE SKILLS COMPREHENSIVELY IN NATIVE LANGUAGE AND READING LITERACY CLASSES
This article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations and practical approaches to the comprehensive development of language skills among primary school students in native language and reading literacy classes. The study analyzes the effectiveness of modern pedagogical methods, particularly interactive techniques, project-based learning, and integrated lessons, in the simultaneous development of all components of language skills. The article proposes practical recommendations for enhancing students’ speech activity, expanding vocabulary, improving text comprehension and analysis, as well as developing the ability to express ideas clearly in written form. The results of the study demonstrate that the comprehensive development of language skills based on an integrated approach in native language and reading literacy classes plays a significant role in improving students’ overall academic performance and communicative competence.
language skills, listening, speaking, reading, writing, native language, reading literacy, comprehensive development, interactive methods, integrated education, primary school, communicative competence
RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA SHAROITIDA XUSUSIY TA’LIMNI MOLIYAVIY QO‘LLAB-QUVVATLASH MEXANIZMLARI
Mazkur tezisda raqamli transformatsiya sharoitida xususiy ta’lim muassasalarini moliyaviy qo‘llab-quvvatlash mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda EdTech bozori dinamikasi, innovatsion moliyalashtirish instrumentlari (venchur kapital, natijaga asoslangan moliyalashtirish) va ularni milliy iqtisodiyot sharoitida qo‘llash istiqbollari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, xususiy sektor investitsiyalarini jalb qilishdagi mavjud to‘siqlar va ularni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari surilgan.
xususiy ta’lim, raqamli transformatsiya, moliyalashtirish, EdTech, grantlar, subsidiya, PPP, inson kapitali.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ КАК ФАКТОР ЗАНЯТОСТИ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ
В статье рассматривается роль образования в экономическом развитии и занятости населения в Узбекистане. Анализируются основные реформы в сфере образования, а также их влияние на рынок труда. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам безработицы, несоответствия квалификации требованиям экономики и необходимости повышения качества образования. Показано, что развитие образовательной системы является важным условием устойчивого роста и повышения уровня жизни населения.
образование, занятость, безработица, экономический рост, человеческий капитал, рынок труда, образовательные реформы, качество образования, государственная политика.
ARCHITECTURAL, PLANNING, ENGINEERING AND SOCIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MODERN SPORTS COMPLEXES
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the main architectural-planning, functional, structural-engineering, environmental and socio-economic requirements for the design of modern sports complexes. The study considers sports complexes not only as structures intended for sports activities, but also as an important element of the urban environment serving integrated, multifunctional and sustainable development. The article systematically covers the criteria of functional efficiency, separation of traffic flows, inclusiveness, urban planning compliance, structural reliability, safety and environmental sustainability. The results of the study serve to adapt international experience to local conditions in the design of modern sports complexes, increase operational efficiency and enhance their social significance.
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ЛЕЧЕНИЮ КИСТ ВЕРХНЕЧЕЛЮСТНОГО СИНУСА В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ХАРАКТЕРА ТКАНЕВЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ
На долю верхнечелюстных пазух приходится до 93,3% всех кистозных поражений околоносовых пазух. Хронические синуситы составляют около 10% всех хронических заболеваний верхних дыхательных путей. На долю верхнечелюстных пазух приходится до 93,3% всех кистозных поражений околоносовых пазух. Согласно международному консенсусу EPOS 2020 (European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps), хронический риносинусит (ХРС) рассматривается не просто как инфекционный процесс, а как гетерогенное заболевание с различными воспалительными эндотипами. Возникновение кист околоносовых пазух, как правило, связано с хроническим воспалительным процессом в околоносовых пазухах, и, по мнению ряда авторов, этиология кист околоносовых пазух в большей степени связана с аллергией, в связи с чем их рассматривают как одну из форм аллергического синусита
O‘ZBEKISTONDA YATT FAOLIYATINI TASHKIL ETISH VA RIVOJLANTIRISH MASALALARI
O‘zbekistonda amalga oshirilayotgan bozor islohotlari natijasida mulkiy munosabatlar va xo‘jalik yuritish shakllari tubdan o‘zgarib bormoqda. Ushbu jarayonda yakka tartibdagi tadbirkorlik faoliyati muhim o‘rin egallab, uning rivojlanishi iqtisodiy tizimning barqarorligiga xizmat qilmoqda. Mazkur maqolaning maqsadi O‘zbekistonda yakka tartibdagi tadbirkorlik faoliyatini tashkil etish va uni qo‘llab-quvvatlash mexanizmlarini tahlil qilishdan iborat. Tadqiqot natijasida ushbu sohada amalga oshirilgan islohotlar va me’yoriy-huquqiy hujjatlar o‘rganildi.
Yakka tartibdagi tadbirkorlik, kichik biznes va xususiy tadbirkorlik, yakka tartibdagi tadbirkor, shaxsiy tadbirkorlik, birgalikdagi tadbirkorlik, yakka tartibdagi faoliyat, tadbirkorlik, tadbirkorlik sub’yekti.
ГИБРИДНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ДЛЯ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ МОШЕННИЧЕСТВА В БАНКОВСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИЯХ
В современных банковских системах выявление мошеннических операций является критически важной задачей для обеспечения финансовой безопасности. Настоящее исследование посвящено анализу и разработке гибридных моделей искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) для обнаружения мошенничества в банковских транзакциях. В работе рассматриваются сочетания методов машинного обучения, включая дискриминативные и генеративные модели, а также алгоритмы глубокого обучения, что позволяет повысить точность выявления аномалий и снизить количество ложных срабатываний. Особое внимание уделено интеграции нескольких подходов, обеспечивающей более устойчивое и адаптивное обнаружение мошеннических действий в реальном времени. Результаты демонстрируют эффективность гибридных ИИ-моделей в обеспечении безопасности финансовых операций.
искусственный интеллект, гибридные модели, машинное обучение, мошенничество, банковские транзакции, обнаружение аномалий, глубокое обучение, финансовая безопасность.
JORJ ORUELLNING “MOLXONA” (“ANIMAL FARM”) ASARIDA KELTIRILGAN BADIIY TASVIR VOSITALARI NAMUNALARI
Ushbu maqolada ingliz adabiyotining yirik namoyandalaridan biri bo‘lgan Jorj Oruellning mashhur “Molxona” (“Animal Farm”) asarida qo‘llangan badiiy tasvir vositalari xususan, epitet, metafora, taqqoslash, jonlantirish, kinoya, ramz, allegoriya kabi poetik vositalarning badiiy-estetik hamda g‘oyaviy funksiyasi tahlil qilinadi.
badiiy tasvir vositalari, epitet, metafora, taqqoslash, jonlantirish, kinoya, allegoriya, ramz, siyosiy satira
DIAGNOSTIC INDICATORS AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF FIBROTIC CHANGES IN CHRONIC HBV INFECTION.
Hepatitis B virus is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. The number of HBV-infected people worldwide is estimated at more than 400 million, and the complications associated with the infection have become a serious global health problem. Evaluating liver fibrosis is crucial for making therapeutic decisions and predicting outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
chronic hepatitis B, inflammation, damage.
THE ROLE OF UZBEK FOLK MELODIES IN DEVELOPING MUSICAL PERCEPTION AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS
The pedagogical and psychological significance of using Uzbek folk melodies in the Music Culture subject to develop the musical perception of primary school pupils is highlighted. Methodological analyses are presented, utilising Uzbek folk creative melodies, lullabies and children's folklore to enhance pupils' sense of rhythm, develop their aural skills and ensure correct intonation.
musical perception, folklore, rhythm, Uzbek folk melodies, aesthetic taste, upbringing, musical memory.
KIBERJINOYATLARNING KELIB CHIQISH VA RIVOJLANISH OMILLARI TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada axborot texnologiyalari yordamida sodir etiladigan jinoyatlarning kelib chiqish va rivojlanish sabablari chuqur tahlil qilinadi. Kiberjinoyatlarga ta’sir qiluvchi texnologik, huquqiy va ijtimoiy omillar tahlil qilinadi hamda kiberjinoyatlarni oldini olish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar beriladi. Yangi turdagi jinoyat turlarining paydo bo‘lishi tadqiq etiladi va kiberjinoyatchilikka qarshi kompleks choralar majmuasini taklif etiladi. Tadqiqotning ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyati shundaki, unda kiberjinoyatlarning yangi shakllari paydo bo‘lishining “texnologik bo‘shliq - huquqiy bo‘shliq - ijtimoiy zaiflik - tezkor moslashuv” modeli asoslab beriladi. Ushbu xulosalar qonunchilikni takomillashtirish, bank va telekommunikatsiya sektorlarida preventiv nazoratni kuchaytirish, elektron dalillar bilan ishlash amaliyotini standartlashtirish hamda aholining kibermadaniyatini oshirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqishda qo‘llanishi mumkin.
kiberjinoyat, kiberxavfsizlik, raqamlashtirish, ijtimoiy muhandislik, elektron dalil, fishing, sun'iy intellekt, deepfake, SIM-swap, account takeover.
CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CATEGORY OF THE NUMBER OF RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES IN TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A NON-NATIONAL LANGUAGE
The article examines the contrasting and methodological aspect of teaching Russian numerology in Uzbek classrooms. The similarities and differences in the ways of expressing the plural in Russian and Uzbek languages, as well as their influence on the process of students mastering the grammatical norms of the Russian language, are analyzed. The effectiveness of using a comparative approach in the methodology of teaching Russian as a non-native language is substantiated, and individual methodological recommendations for overcoming difficulties in studying the number category are proposed.
contrastive linguistics, Russian as a non-native language, number category, comparative analysis, Uzbek language, interlingual interference, teaching methodology.
GIPERBOLIK TIPDAGI TENGLAMALAR SISTEMASI UCHUN GURSA TIPDAGI TO‘G‘RI MASALA
Mazkur ishda giperbolik tipdagi tenglamalar sistemasi uchun Gursa tipidagi to‘g‘ri masala o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotda masalaning matematik modeli tahlil qilinib, yechimning mavjudligi, yagonaligi va berilgan boshlang‘ich hamda chegaraviy shartlarga bog‘liqligi ko‘rib chiqiladi.
giperbolik tenglamalar sistemasi, Gursa masalasi, to‘g‘ri masala, boshlang‘ich shartlar, chegaraviy shartlar, yechimning mavjudligi, yagonalik, matematik fizika.
HALIMA XUDOYBERDIYEVA NOMIDAGI IJOD MAKTABI TARBIYALANUVCHILARI O‘RTASIDA SHAXSIY GIGIYENA DARSLARI
Bolalar va o‘smirlar orasida shaxsiy gigiyena ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish tarbiyaviy-ta’lim jarayonining muhim vazifalaridan biridir. Gigiyena qoidalariga rioya qilish sog‘liqni mustahkamlash, turli kasalliklarning oldini olish hamda shaxsning umumiy madaniyatini shakllantirishga xizmat qiladi. Shu sababli o‘quvchilarda barqaror gigiyenik odatlarni shakllantirishga qaratilgan tizimli pedagogik ishlar alohida ahamiyat kasb etadi.
shaxsiy gigiyena, tarbiya, sog‘lom turmush tarzi, gigiyenik madaniyat, pedagogik faoliyat, tarbiyalanuvchilar.
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QORAQALPOQ SUR QORAKÓL QÓYLARINING RANGBARANGLIK VA GUL TIPLARI BÓYICHA SELEKSIYASI HAMDA TIRIK VAZN VA MAHSULDORLIK KÓRSATKICHLARINI BAHOLASH
Maqolada qoraqalpoq sur qorakól qóylarining gul tiplari va rangbarangliklari bóyicha tirik vazn, seleksion belgilar va irsiy potensialini baholash tadqiq etilgan. Tajribalar natijalari kórsatdiki, ósikgul tipidagi qóylar boshqa gul tiplari bilan solishtirganda buǵozlik davrida statistik jihatdan sezilarli darajada yuqori tirik vaznga ega. Tadqiqot natijalari qorakól qóylarining samarali seleksiyalash va urchitish, shuningdek ularning mahsuldorlik va irsiy salohiyatidan unumli foydalanish bóyicha tavsiyalar beradi.
qoraqalpoq sur, qorakól qóy, gul tipi, tirik vazn, seleksion tadqiqot, irsiy potensial, urchitish.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN TOURISM SERVICES
The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into service industries has significantly transformed operational processes, particularly in tourism, where efficiency depends on timely information processing, resource coordination, and service responsiveness. This study examines the role of artificial intelligence as a tool for improving operational efficiency in tourism services, with a contextual focus on emerging tourism destinations. The research applies a qualitative-analytical approach based on secondary data, international reports, and recent academic literature. The findings indicate that AI technologies—such as intelligent booking systems, predictive analytics, chatbots, demand forecasting algorithms, and automated service management platforms—contribute to operational optimization by reducing transaction costs, minimizing service delays, enhancing capacity utilization, and supporting data-driven decision-making. However, the effectiveness of AI adoption depends on digital infrastructure, workforce competence, and institutional readiness. The study highlights that AI should be viewed not merely as an innovation trend but as a strategic efficiency-enhancing mechanism in tourism management. The results provide practical implications for tourism enterprises and policymakers aiming to strengthen operational performance through AI integration.
artificial intelligence; operational efficiency; tourism services; service automation; digital transformation; tourism management; performance optimization
PUL MABLAG‘LARINI LEGALLASHTIRISH (PUL YUVISH) JINOYATI: XALQARO HUQUQ NORMALARI VA O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI QONUNCHILIGI TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada pul mablag‘larini legallashtirish (pul yuvish) jinoyatining tushunchasi, uning transmilliy tabiati va moliyaviy-iqtisodiy xavflari tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada mazkur jinoyatga qarshi xalqaro hujjatlar - Vena Konvensiyasi, Palermo Konvensiyasi va FATF tavsiyalari - va O‘zbekiston Respublikasining milliy huquqiy mexanizmlari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, jinoyatga qarshi kurashishda xalqaro va milliy organlar faoliyati, hamkorlik mexanizmlari faoliyatiga e’tibor qaratilgan. Maqolada milliy qonunchilikni takomillashtirish, moliyaviy nazorat organlari faoliyatini kuchaytirish hamda jamiyatda moliyaviy savodxonlikni oshirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar berilgan.
pul mablag‘larini legallashtirish, pul yuvish jinoyati, AML/CFT tizimi, moliyaviy jinoyatlar, xalqaro va milliy organlar
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES AND GOVERNANCE MODELS OF PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UZBEKISTAN
The rapid expansion of private higher education institutions (HEIs) in Uzbekistan has significantly transformed the national higher education landscape. While private universities contribute to increased access, diversification, and competitiveness, they also face distinct management and governance challenges. This article examines the management models and governance practices of private HEIs in Uzbekistan, focusing on strategic management, quality assurance, financial sustainability, and regulatory compliance. Using a qualitative-analytical approach supported by document analysis and selected institutional cases, the study identifies key challenges faced by private universities, including regulatory uncertainty, quality management pressures, leadership capacity, and market competition. The findings demonstrate that effective governance structures, strategic leadership, and data-informed management practices are essential for the sustainability and credibility of private higher education institutions. The article contributes to the field of management in education by offering a contextualized analysis of private HEI governance in a reform-driven educational system.
private higher education; educational management; governance models; higher education reforms; Uzbekistan; management in education
HOW TO CHOOSE MATERIALS FOR ENHANCING FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS’ METHODOLOGICAL PREPARATION
The effectiveness of pre-service foreign language teacher education largely depends on the quality, relevance, and methodological sophistication of instructional materials integrated into coursework and practicum components. This study examines the criteria, principles, and pedagogical approaches guiding the selection and systematization of instructional materials aimed at strengthening the methodological preparation of pre-service teachers. Drawing on Exploratory Action Research (EAR), multimodal instruction, and international frameworks proposed by Richards, Rodgers, Hutchinson, and Waters, the research analyzes how carefully selected instructional resources can enhance linguistic, communicative, reflective, and methodological competencies. Findings indicate that high-quality materials aligned with learners’ needs, authentic communicative contexts, and digital learning environments significantly strengthen pre-service teachers’ readiness for real pedagogical settings. The article concludes by proposing a model for material selection and systematization that supports context-sensitive, culturally responsive, and research-informed teacher education.
Authentic instructional materials, Exploratory Action Research (EAR), methodological preparation, multimodal and digital resources, pre-service foreign language teachers, material selection and systematization, teacher education, communicative competence development
КЛИНИКО ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ДОЗИРОВАННОЙ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ НАГРУЗКИ ПРИ БРОНХИАЛЬНОЙ АСТМЕ
Дозированная физическая нагрузка занимает важное место в современной медицине, являясь эффективным инструментом профилактики и реабилитации. В последние годы особое внимание уделяется её применению у пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями дыхательной системы, включая бронхиальную астму. Комплексная клинико‑функциональная оценка позволяет объективно определить влияние физических упражнений на дыхательную функцию и газообмен, а также выявить возможности индивидуализации программ реабилитации.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHARACTER DEPICTION IN SHAKESPEARE’S TRAGEDIES AND THE WORKS OF ULUGBEK
The depiction of character has long stood at the center of literary and historical narrative traditions. Whether framed within the heightened emotional landscapes of tragedy or in the meticulous chronicles of intellectual achievement, the human figure becomes the vessel through which deeper philosophical, moral and cultural questions are explored. William Shakespeare, the pre-eminent dramatist of the English Renaissance, crafted characters of remarkable psychological complexity whose inner struggles often mirrored the turbulence of his age. In contrast, the works concerning the 15th-century Timurid ruler and astronomer Ulugbek present a portrait of an individual defined less by emotional upheaval and more by intellectual discipline, scientific curiosity. While their mediums and historical contexts differ profoundly, the two traditions share a commitment to rendering the human figure as an emblem of broader truths.
Tragedy, character depiction, comparative literature, Renaissance drama, Central Asian literature, historical context, cultural identity, literary analysis, intellectual legacy, cross-cultural comparison
TOKLI O‘TKAZGICH ATROFIDAGI MAGNIT MAYDON KUCH CHIZIQLARINI TAHLIL QILISH.
Uzoq masofada harakatsiz zaryadlarning o‘zaro ta’siri elektr maydon orqali tushuntiriladi. Harakatdagi zaryad esa boshqa hodisani — magnit maydonni yuzaga keltiradi. Tadqiqotda o‘zgarmas tokning magnit maydonini kuzatish uchun klassik tajribalar qayta tahlil qilindi. Halqa, to‘g‘ri sim, g‘altak, solenoid va magnit strelka bilan o‘tkazilgan kuzatishlar tok o‘tgan har bir o‘tkazgich atrofida magnit maydon borligini ko‘rsatdi. Natijalar harakatdagi zaryad magnit maydon manbai ekanini tasdiqlaydi.
o‘zgarmas tok, magnit maydon, amper kuchlari, solenoid, magnit strelka, zaryadlarning o‘zaro ta’siri
TURLI ETOLOGIK TIPGA MANSUB QORAKO‘L QO‘YLARIDA JUN MAHSULDORLIGI KO‘RSATKICHLARI
Mazkur maqolada Qizilqum cho‘lining keskin ekologik sharoitida boqilayotgan sur qorako‘l qo‘ylarining jun mahsuldorligi yosh, jins va rangdorlik belgilariga bog‘liq holda o‘rganildi. Tadqiqotlar Taxtako‘pir tumani hududida joylashgan ishlab chiqarish podalarida olib borilib, qo‘ylarning yillik jun chiqimi, jun tolalarining uzunligi va sifati kompleks ravishda baholandi. Olingan natijalar turli rang va yosh-jins guruhlariga mansub qo‘ylar orasida jun mahsuldorligi ko‘rsatkichlari bo‘yicha sezilarli farqlar mavjudligini ko‘rsatdi. Eng yuqori jun mahsuldorligi Qambar rangli qo‘ylarda, eng past ko‘rsatkichlar esa po‘lat rangli qo‘ylarda qayd etildi. Tadqiqot natijalari qorako‘lchilikda seleksiya-naslchilik ishlarini takomillashtirish va yuqori sifatli jun xomashyosi yetishtirishda ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
sur qorako‘l qo‘ylari, jun mahsuldorligi, yosh va jins guruhlari, rangdorlik, Qizilqum cho‘li.
NORMATIVE-LEGAL REGULATION OF MASS VALUATION OF REAL ESTATE IN UZBEKISTAN
This thesis analyzes the regulatory and legal framework governing the transition from an inventory value-based approach to a market data-driven mass valuation system for real estate in Uzbekistan. These reforms define the strategic directions of mass valuation, aiming to determine values approximating market rates for purposes of taxation, collateral, and civil transactions. Furthermore, the reforms seek to ensure regular updates of registry data and to distribute the tax burden proportionally to real value. The study highlights the disparities arising from the failure of millions of properties – including residential and non-residential premises and land plots – to fully reflect their market potential. Additionally, the thesis substantiates the role of information infrastructure, such as valuation methodologies, the UZKAD registry, and monitoring-valuation modules, as well as the necessity of ensuring transparency through the public disclosure of results.
mass valuation, real estate, regulatory framework, cadastral value, market value, UZKAD, price zones, Big Data, transparency, appeal mechanism
QIZILQUM SHAROITIDA QORAQALPOQ SUR QORAKO‘L QO‘YLARINING ETOLOGIK TIPLARI VA ULARNING AVLODLARI TIRIK VAZNI DINAMIKASI
Mazkur maqolada Qizilqum cho‘lining keskin ekologik sharoitida boqilayotgan qoraqalpoq sur qorako‘l qo‘ylarining turli etologik tiplari va ularning avlodlari tirik vazni hamda o‘sish dinamikasi o‘rganilgan. Tadqiqotlar davomida qo‘ylar etologik tiplarga ajratilib, qo‘zilarning tug‘ilish paytidagi, 4–4,5 oylik, 12 oylik va 18 oylik davrlardagi tirik vazni variatsion-statistik usullar asosida tahlil qilindi. Olingan natijalarga ko‘ra, 1-etologik tipga mansub qo‘ylar avlodlari barcha yosh bosqichlarida tirik vazn ko‘rsatkichlari bo‘yicha 2 va 3-etologik tip avlodlaridan ishonchli darajada ustunligi aniqlangan (P<0,001). Tadqiqot natijalari etologik tiplarni hisobga olgan holda seleksiya va naslchilik ishlarini olib borish qorako‘l qo‘ylarining mahsuldorligini oshirishda muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyatga ega ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
qoraqalpoq sur qorako‘l qo‘ylari, etologik tiplar, tirik vazn, o‘sish dinamikasi, seleksiya, naslchilik, mahsuldorlik, Qizilqum sharoiti
ҚИШЛОҚ ХЎЖАЛИГИДА ФОЙДАЛАНИЛАДИГАН ЕРЛАРНИ ЭКОЛОГИК-МЕЛИОРАТИВ ҲОЛАТИНИ ЯХШИЛАШ ЙЎЛЛАРИ
Ушбу мақолада ерларнинг мелиоратив ҳолати, шўрланиш ва ботқоқланишни келиб чиқиш ва олдини олиш чоралари, гипсли тупроқлар, шўр ювиш ишларини амалга ошириш каби маълумотлар баён этилган.
мелиорация, гипс, зовур, сизот, алмашлаб экиш, дуккаклилар